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Mining

Mining is a field of human activity related to the exploration and use of the Earth‘s interior. It includes all types of human impact on the earth‘s crust, primarily for the purpose of extracting minerals, their primary processing, as well as scientific research related to mining technologies. Mining can be carried out in different ways: open–pit and mine, underground, as well as by drilling. The mining process includes the following stages: prospecting and exploration of mineral deposits using geological and geophysical methods; design and construction of mining enterprises (mines, quarries, processing plants and other structures); mining (drilling, blasting, transportation and other methods); primary processing of minerals (ore processing) to increase the concentration of useful components; utilization and restoration of land after the completion of mining.  Below is a list of links to e–books in English on this topic: